{"id":3275,"date":"2026-03-18T03:11:49","date_gmt":"2026-03-18T10:11:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/?p=3275"},"modified":"2026-03-18T03:11:49","modified_gmt":"2026-03-18T10:11:49","slug":"vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/","title":{"rendered":"Is borrowing money from a director considered a related-party transaction?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the economic landscape of 2026, managing cash flow and complying with tax regulations will become crucial for every business. One common question many chief accountants and business owners ask is: Does borrowing money from the CEO constitute a related-party transaction?<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In fact, many businesses borrow funds from their directors to supplement working capital. However, if the nature of this transaction is misidentified, the business may face the risk of being assessed for tax, having interest expense disallowed, or being subject to retroactive personal income tax collection.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The article below will provide a detailed analysis based on legal regulations. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Doanh-nghiep\/Nghi-dinh-132-2020-ND-CP-quy-dinh-quan-ly-thue-doi-voi-doanh-nghiep-co-giao-dich-lien-ket-452218.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Doanh-nghiep\/Nghi-dinh-20-2025-ND-CP-sua-doi-Nghi-dinh-132-2020-ND-%D0%A1%D0%A0-quan-ly-thue-doanh-nghiep-co-giao-dich-lien-ket-642785.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Amendments and additions from Decree 132.<\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Thuc_trang_vay_von_noi_bo_va_ap_luc_thanh_tra_thue\" >The reality of internal borrowing and the pressure of tax audits.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Vay_tien_giam_doc_co_phai_giao_dich_lien_ket\" >Is borrowing money from a director considered a related-party transaction?<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Dieu_kien_ve_moi_quan_he_lien_ket\" >Conditions regarding the relationship<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Dieu_kien_ve_nguong_gia_tri_giao_dich\" >Conditions regarding transaction value threshold<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Truong_hop_muon_tien_khong_lai_suat_Lai_suat_0\" >Interest-free loan cases (Interest rate 0%)<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#He_luy_thue_khi_phat_sinh_giao_dich_lien_ket_nam_2026\" >Tax implications of related-party transactions in 2026<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Khong_che_chi_phi_lai_vay_Tran_30_EBITDA\" >Controlling interest expense (30% EBITDA)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Rui_ro_bi_an_dinh_thue\" >Risk of being taxed<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Nghia_vu_ke_khai_ho_so_giao_dich_lien_ket\" >Obligation to declare related-party transactions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Diem_moi_Nghi_dinh_202025ND-CP_can_luu_y\" >Key new points to note in Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Khoan_vay_tu_ngan_hang_khi_nao_khong_bi_coi_la_giao_dich_lien_ket\" >When are bank loans not considered related-party transactions?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Quan_he_lien_ket_do_quyen_dieu_hanh_va_kiem_soat_thuc_te\" >The relationship is based on actual power and control.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Bo_sung_quan_he_lien_ket_giua_to_chuc_tin_dung_va_cac_doanh_nghiep_trong_cung_he_thong\" >Strengthening the linkages between credit institutions and businesses within the same system.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Thoi_han_nop_Ho_so_xac_dinh_gia_giao_dich_lien_ket\" >Deadline for submitting Transfer Pricing Documents<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Thoi_han_nop_Ho_so_quoc_gia_va_Ho_so_toan_cau\" >Deadline for submitting National and Global Applications<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Giai_doan_tham_van_truoc_thanh_tra\" >Pre-inspection consultation phase<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Giai_doan_thanh_tra_tai_tru_so_doanh_nghiep\" >On-site inspection phase<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Truong_hop_duoc_gia_han\" >Cases eligible for extension<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-19\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Rui_ro_phap_ly_va_cac_muc_phat_cu_the_doanh_nghiep_can_biet\" >Legal risks and specific penalties businesses need to know.<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-20\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Muc_phat_ve_hanh_vi_vi_pham_thu_tuc_ke_khai\" >Penalties for violations of declaration procedures.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-21\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Rui_ro_ve_an_dinh_thue%E2%80%9D_va_loai_chi_phi\" >&quot;Tax assessment risk&quot; and types of expenses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-22\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Rui_ro_doi_voi_ca_nhan_Giam_doc\" >Risks to the Director personally<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-23\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Checklist_5_buoc_xu_ly_cho_ke_toan\" >5-Step Checklist for Accounting Processes<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-24\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Cach_xu_ly_toi_uu_khi_roi_vao_truong_hop_vay_tien_giam_doc_phat_sinh_giao_dich_lien_ket\" >The optimal way to handle a situation where a director borrows money from a related-party transaction.<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-25\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Ket_luan\" >Conclude<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-26\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\" >Contact information MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thuc_trang_vay_von_noi_bo_va_ap_luc_thanh_tra_thue\"><\/span><b>The reality of internal borrowing and the pressure of tax audits.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3280\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3280\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3280\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1.jpg\" alt=\"Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng vay ti\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i giao d\u1ecbch li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Phan-tich-thuc-trang-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-trong-doanh-nghiep-Viet-Nam-1-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3280\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Analyzing the current situation of whether loans taken out by directors constitute related-party transactions in Vietnamese businesses.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In Vietnam, particularly among small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), it is extremely common for directors or executives to lend money to their companies to supplement working capital. However, since 2024, tax authorities have strengthened and tightened control over these cash flows, integrating bank data to closely monitor them.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, the question of whether borrowing money from a director constitutes a related-party transaction is no longer a theoretical issue but has become a central focus in many tax audits.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If the business identifies it incorrectly:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interest expenses may be excluded from deductible expenses.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The interest rate for 0% may be determined by the tax authorities based on market rates.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Tax arrears and late payment penalties may arise.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vay_tien_giam_doc_co_phai_giao_dich_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>Is borrowing money from a director considered a related-party transaction?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3278\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3278\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3278\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket.jpg\" alt=\"\u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vay ti\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i giao d\u1ecbch li\u00ean k\u1ebft\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Dieu-kien-xac-dinh-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3278\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Conditions for determining whether a loan taken out by a director constitutes a related-party transaction.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For a loan between an individual director and a business to be considered a related-party transaction, two conditions must be met simultaneously: the relationship between the director and the resulting transaction.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dieu_kien_ve_moi_quan_he_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>Conditions regarding the relationship<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Clause 2, Article 5 of Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP, two parties are considered to have an affiliated relationship if:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c<\/span><i><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One or more individuals, as defined in point g of this clause, through their capital contribution to another enterprise or by directly managing or controlling that enterprise\u2026\u201d<\/span><\/i><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">More specifically, the Director is the person directly in charge of running and managing the business. Therefore, there is always an inherent managerial relationship between the Director and the company.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Dieu_kien_ve_nguong_gia_tri_giao_dich\"><\/span><b>Conditions regarding transaction value threshold<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is the key point in answering the question of whether borrowing money from a director constitutes a related-party transaction. Not every loan automatically constitutes a related-party transaction; the value threshold must be considered.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a business borrows money from its executive (Director) and that loan is at least equal to 10% of the owner&#039;s equity.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determination time: At the time the transaction occurs during the tax period.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><b>For example:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> Company X has a registered capital (paid-up capital) of 5 billion VND. In 2026, the Director lent the company 600 million VND to purchase machinery.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The loan-to-value ratio was then 12%<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP, if the loan is at least equal to 10% of the owner&#039;s equity, then a related-party relationship is established. In this case, it is 12%, so Company X and its Director have a related-party relationship as defined by law.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_muon_tien_khong_lai_suat_Lai_suat_0\"><\/span><b>Interest-free loan cases (Interest rate 0%)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Many accountants mistakenly believe that if a loan is made without interest, it&#039;s not considered a business transaction and therefore nothing to worry about. This is a fatal mistake. The law stipulates that related-party transactions include lending assets and money without incurring costs. Therefore, whether a director&#039;s loan constitutes a related-party transaction doesn&#039;t depend on whether or not there&#039;s interest, but rather on the loan-to-equity ratio.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"He_luy_thue_khi_phat_sinh_giao_dich_lien_ket_nam_2026\"><\/span><b>Tax implications of related-party transactions in 2026<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Once it has been determined that borrowing money from the director constitutes a related-party transaction, the business faces three major challenges:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khong_che_chi_phi_lai_vay_Tran_30_EBITDA\"><\/span><b>Controlling interest expense (30% EBITDA)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Article 15 of Decree 132, the total interest expense deductible when determining corporate income tax must not exceed 30% of the total net profit from business operations plus interest expense and depreciation expense (EBITDA).<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If EBITDA is negative: All interest expense for the period will be disallowed.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The portion of interest expense exceeding the 30% ceiling: Can be carried forward to the next tax period if the business generates profit, for a period not exceeding 5 years.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote><p><b>See details:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/cong-thuc-tinh-lai-vay\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formula for calculating interest on related-party transactions.<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rui_ro_bi_an_dinh_thue\"><\/span><b>Risk of being taxed<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In related-party transactions, the price (interest rate) must comply with the Arm&#039;s Length Principle. If the Director lends at an interest rate of 0% or an interest rate that is excessively high compared to banks, the tax authorities have the right to:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Setting the input interest rate: Based on the average interest rate of commercial banks at the same time. This creates fictitious interest expense, but it is capped by the 30% EBITDA ceiling.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Personal Income Tax Collection: If the loan has interest, the Director must pay 5% personal income tax on the capital investment. If the interest rate is 0%, the tax authority may determine the Director&#039;s personal income and require tax payment.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nghia_vu_ke_khai_ho_so_giao_dich_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>Obligation to declare related-party transactions<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Businesses must prepare and submit Appendices (I, II, III, IV) along with the corporate income tax return. In particular, according to updates from Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP, the forms have been simplified for SMEs, but the requirements for data accuracy are higher.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>See details:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/ke-khai-giao-dich-lien-ket\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Instructions for declaring related-party transactions.<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Diem_moi_Nghi_dinh_202025ND-CP_can_luu_y\"><\/span><b>Key new points to note in Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP amending and supplementing Clause 2, Article 5 of Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP, the criteria for identifying affiliated parties are as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khoan_vay_tu_ngan_hang_khi_nao_khong_bi_coi_la_giao_dich_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>When are bank loans not considered related-party transactions?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The new regulations retain the criteria for determining the relationship between the borrower and the lender, whereby a loan is considered to have a related party element when the loan value from one party reaches 251 TP3T of the company&#039;s equity or more and simultaneously accounts for over 501 TP3T of the company&#039;s total medium and long-term debt. This threshold was previously stipulated in Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, the amended regulations have added several important exceptions to exclude credit relationships of a purely commercial nature. Specifically, the above criterion will not apply if the lender or guarantor is a credit institution operating under the Law on Credit Institutions, provided that this institution does not participate in the management, control, capital contribution, or investment in the borrowing enterprise. In addition, the borrowing enterprise must not fall under any other related-party arrangements as stipulated in Clause 2, Article 5.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Furthermore, the regulations clarify that if a credit institution acts as a lender or guarantor, but there is no other related-party relationship between the bank and the borrowing enterprise according to the criteria specified in points b, e\u2026 of Clause 2, Article 5, then this loan will not be considered to have arisen from a related-party relationship.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">According to regulations effective from March 27, 2025, certain cases of borrowing from banks will no longer be subject to the criteria in point d, clause 2, Article 5 of Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP. This means that, even if the loan from the bank reaches or exceeds 25% of equity capital and simultaneously accounts for over 50% of total medium and long-term outstanding debt, the enterprise will still not be considered to have an affiliated relationship if it meets one of the following two conditions:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The bank does not directly or indirectly participate in the management, control, capital contribution, or investment of the borrowing enterprise.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The relationship between banks and borrowing businesses does not involve control or influence from a third party; that is, no single organization or individual simultaneously controls both parties.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">These adjustments help to clearly distinguish between ordinary commercial credit relationships and related-party relationships with controlling elements, thereby reducing the obligation to declare related-party transactions for businesses in cases of purely bank loans. At the same time, the new regulations also ensure that the determination of related-party relationships accurately reflects the actual controlling nature and power of the parties involved.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quan_he_lien_ket_do_quyen_dieu_hanh_va_kiem_soat_thuc_te\"><\/span><b>The relationship is based on actual power and control.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Point k, Clause 2, Article 5 of Decree No. 132\/2020\/ND-CP is amended as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c&quot;Other cases in which a business (including independently accounting branches that declare and pay corporate income tax) is subject to the actual management, control, and decision-making power over the business operations of another business.&quot;\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Bo_sung_quan_he_lien_ket_giua_to_chuc_tin_dung_va_cac_doanh_nghiep_trong_cung_he_thong\"><\/span><b>Strengthening the linkages between credit institutions and businesses within the same system.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Point m, Clause 2, Article 5 of Decree No. 132\/2020\/ND-CP is amended as follows:<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201cCredit institutions with Subsidiaries or with Controlling Companies or with Affiliated Companies of credit institutions as prescribed in the Law on Credit Institutions and amendments, supplements or replacements (if any)\u201d<\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thoi_han_nop_Ho_so_xac_dinh_gia_giao_dich_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>Deadline for submitting Transfer Pricing Documents<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">One of the most important issues, especially during the peak tax filing period, is the deadline for submitting documents. Specifically, the Local File and Master File are two core documents that businesses need to prepare and provide as required by regulations when requested by the tax authorities.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thoi_han_nop_Ho_so_quoc_gia_va_Ho_so_toan_cau\"><\/span><b>Deadline for submitting National and Global Applications<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is a common misunderstanding among businesses when fulfilling their obligations regarding documentation for determining transfer pricing. Unlike the related-party transaction appendices that must be submitted with the corporate income tax return, the Local File and Master File are not required to be submitted at the same time as the tax return.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">However, businesses must still prepare and maintain records at their premises before filing their tax returns, so that they can provide them immediately upon request from the tax authorities.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When the tax authorities conduct a tax audit or inspection, businesses must provide documents within the following timeframes:<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_tham_van_truoc_thanh_tra\"><\/span><b>Pre-inspection consultation phase<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Businesses must provide the documents within a maximum of 30 working days from the date of receiving the request from the tax authority.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Giai_doan_thanh_tra_tai_tru_so_doanh_nghiep\"><\/span><b>On-site inspection phase<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The deadline for submitting documents is usually no more than 15 working days from the date the inspection team requests them, or as specified in the inspection decision.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Truong_hop_duoc_gia_han\"><\/span><b>Cases eligible for extension<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Businesses may request a one-time extension for submitting documents if there is a valid reason.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Maximum extension period: 15 working days.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Extensions will only be granted if the tax authorities give their written consent.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rui_ro_phap_ly_va_cac_muc_phat_cu_the_doanh_nghiep_can_biet\"><\/span><b>Legal risks and specific penalties businesses need to know.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_3277\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3277\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-3277\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong.jpg\" alt=\"R\u1ee7i ro, h\u1ec7 l\u1ee5y thu\u1ebf khi kh\u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vay ti\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i giao d\u1ecbch li\u00ean k\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/03\/Rui-ro-he-luy-thue-khi-khong-xac-dinh-duoc-vay-tien-giam-doc-co-phai-giao-dich-lien-ket-hay-khong-18x10.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-3277\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Risks and tax implications when it is not determined whether a loan taken out by a director constitutes a related-party transaction.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">When related-party transactions occur without proper procedures, businesses will face a barrage of fines. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Thue-Phi-Le-Phi\/Nghi-dinh-125-2020-ND-CP-xu-phat-vi-pham-hanh-chinh-ve-thue-hoa-don-455646.aspx\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 125\/2020\/ND-CP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and the Tax Administration Law.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Muc_phat_ve_hanh_vi_vi_pham_thu_tuc_ke_khai\"><\/span><b>Penalties for violations of declaration procedures.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If a business incorrectly determines whether a loan taken out by a director constitutes a related-party transaction, and consequently fails to submit the relevant related-party transaction appendices:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Fines ranging from 8,000,000 to 15,000,000 VND: For filing tax returns more than 31 to 90 days after the deadline.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">A fine of 15,000,000 to 25,000,000 VND will be imposed for submitting tax returns more than 90 days after the deadline without incurring any additional tax liability.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Failure to submit the Appendix: The tax authorities have the right to directly assess the tax due to incomplete tax return documentation.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rui_ro_ve_an_dinh_thue%E2%80%9D_va_loai_chi_phi\"><\/span><b>&quot;Tax assessment risk&quot; and types of expenses<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">This is the biggest financial risk when incorrectly answering the question of whether borrowing money from a director constitutes a related-party transaction:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Type of interest expense exceeding the 30% EBITDA ceiling: If EBITDA is low or negative, the entire portion of interest expense paid to directors (even if real) will be disallowed as a deductible expense when calculating corporate income tax. The business will be subject to retroactive corporate income tax collection on this disallowed expense.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Setting interest rates for loans\/rentals: If a business lends money (0%), the tax authorities will set an interest rate (usually 7-9%\/year depending on the time). The business will be subject to retroactive corporate income tax collection on the additional financial revenue that is assessed.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penalties for tax violations:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Penalty 20% on the additional tax amount to be collected (due to incorrect declaration resulting in underpayment of tax).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Late payment penalty: Calculated at 0.031 TP3T\/day on the amount of tax overdue. For audit periods lasting 3-5 years, this amount can reach 40-501 TP3T of the original tax amount.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Rui_ro_doi_voi_ca_nhan_Giam_doc\"><\/span><b>Risks to the Director personally<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Personal income tax on capital investment: If the loan generates interest, the Director must pay 5% personal income tax. Failure to declare will incur late payment penalties and penalties for incorrect declarations, similar to those applied to businesses.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To mitigate risks, especially during peak periods, businesses should consider the following: <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/dich-vu-chuyen-gia\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">transfer pricing services<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> or <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/tu-van-chuyen-gia\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Transfer pricing consultancy<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> To receive support from our affiliate trading experts!<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Checklist_5_buoc_xu_ly_cho_ke_toan\"><\/span><b>5-Step Checklist for Accounting Processes<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To effectively manage the risks associated with a director&#039;s borrowing and related-party transactions, accountants need to follow a five-step process:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Balance review: Monthly\/quarterly, compare the Director&#039;s personal loan balance with the actual contributed charter capital as stated in the Business Registration Certificate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Legal verification: Complete the loan agreement and the minutes of the Board of Members\/Board of Directors meeting approving the loan (this is crucial to demonstrate objectivity).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EBITDA calculation: Forecasting deductible interest expenses to adjust financial plans.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Accurate declaration: Use the latest version of the HTKK software to fill out the Appendix on related-party transactions. Note that the Director&#039;s tax identification number must be accurate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Record keeping: Records of transfer pricing include Local Files and <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/master-file\/\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Master File<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">) needs to be prepared in advance if the business is not exempt from the requirement to establish a business registration.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_xu_ly_toi_uu_khi_roi_vao_truong_hop_vay_tien_giam_doc_phat_sinh_giao_dich_lien_ket\"><\/span><b>The optimal way to handle a situation where a director borrows money from a related-party transaction.<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To minimize the risks when borrowing money, should the director engage in related-party transactions?<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Increase charter capital: If the business truly needs long-term capital, proceed with increasing charter capital. When equity increases, the 10% threshold will be higher, preventing the loan from falling under the scope of related-party transactions.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Using the Advance Payment Account (Account 141): For short-term expenses or loans (a few days), these can be processed through advance payment or expense reimbursement transactions. However, this should not be abused as tax inspectors will examine the nature of the cash flow.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Appropriate interest rate: Instead of a 0% interest rate, set a suitable interest rate (usually equal to or slightly lower than the bank interest rate) and pay the full 5% personal income tax. This demonstrates transparency and avoids being assigned an unfavorable interest rate.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Closely monitor EBITDA: If the business is in the investment phase and experiencing sustained losses (negative EBITDA), consider alternative financing options or converting the loan into equity.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span><b>Conclude<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">It can be seen that determining whether a loan from a director constitutes a related-party transaction depends not only on the nature of the loan itself, but also on evaluating the related-party relationship and the ratio of the loan value to equity as stipulated by tax laws. If the loan meets the relationship requirements and exceeds the prescribed threshold, the enterprise is required to declare the related-party transaction, control interest expense, and prepare complete documentation for price determination.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the context of increasing scrutiny of financial data and related-party transactions by tax authorities, understanding the true nature of whether a loan from a director constitutes a related-party transaction will help businesses proactively manage tax risks and avoid unnecessary imposition of interest rates, expense deductions, or tax arrears.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Therefore, businesses need to regularly review internal loans, standardize legal documents, and declare them correctly to ensure compliance with the law and optimize financial operations in a transparent and sustainable manner.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Contact MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network for timely advice and support!<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\"><\/span><b>Contact information MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Address:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> No. 19A, Street 43, Tan Thuan Ward, Ho Chi Minh City<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>Mobile\/Zalo:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> 0903 963 163 \u2013 0903 428 622<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><b>E-mail:<\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> man@man.net.vn<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Content production by: Mr. <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/le-hoang-tuyen\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Le Hoang Tuyen<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> \u2013 Founder &amp; CEO MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, Vietnamese CPA Auditor with over 30 years of experience in Accounting, Auditing and Financial Consulting.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Data source:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify;\">Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP.<\/li>\n<\/ul>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kinh t\u1ebf n\u0103m 2026, vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb d\u00f2ng ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh thu\u1ebf tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi doanh nghi\u1ec7p. M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebf to\u00e1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 doanh nghi\u1ec7p th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0: V\u1eady vay ti\u1ec1n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f3 [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":3276,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3275","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3275"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3281,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3275\/revisions\/3281"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/3276"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3275"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3275"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3275"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}