{"id":1691,"date":"2025-09-03T01:06:06","date_gmt":"2025-09-03T08:06:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/?p=1691"},"modified":"2026-03-04T18:31:31","modified_gmt":"2026-03-05T01:31:31","slug":"chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/","title":{"rendered":"Understanding the cost of commercial loans for services"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">In the modern economy, where trade and services play a pivotal role, interest expenses in trade services have become an important measure reflecting the financial health and capital management capacity of enterprises. This is not only an expense arising from borrowed capital but also directly affects profits, the ability to expand scale and transparency in financial statements. Entering 2025, interest expenses in trade services have become a major concern for many enterprises when the interest rate level remains at 6.651 TP3T\/year and is commonly in the range of 6.7 - 9.11 TP3T\/year. In the context of strong recovery in credit demand, experts predict that interest rates may increase by 0.5 - 0.7 percentage points, posing a significant challenge to the financial strategy of trade services enterprises.<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><b>Source:<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.dnse.com.vn\/senses\/tin-tuc\/lai-suat-cho-vay-ruc-rich-tang-lai-vay-nam-2025-the-nao-34046809?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Loan interest rate 2025<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_82_2 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title\" style=\"cursor:inherit\">Index<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewbox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseprofile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Khai_niem_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\" >The concept of interest costs in trade services<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#_Chi_phi_lai_vay_thuan_duoc_hieu_nhu_the_nao\" >\u00a0How is net interest expense understood?<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Vai_tro_cua_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\" >The role of interest costs in trade in services<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-4' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-4\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Tac_dong_toi_loi_nhuan_va_dong_tien\" >Impact on profits and cash flow<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-5\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Anh_huong_den_thue_thu_nhap_doanh_nghiep_TNDN\" >Impact on corporate income tax (CIT)<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-6\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Vai_tro_trong_quan_tri_rui_ro_va_ra_quyet_dinh_tai_chinh\" >Role in risk management and financial decision making<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-7\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Tac_dong_toi_bao_cao_tai_chinh_va_tin_dung\" >Impact on financial and credit reporting<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-4'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-8\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Ty_le_no_von_chi_phi_lai_vay_va_kha_nang_tra_no_la_chi_tieu_quan_trong_voi_ngan_hang_va_nha_dau_tu_khi_danh_gia_ho_so_tin_dung_dinh_gia_doanh_nghiep_va_ra_quyet_dinh_cap_von_Quan_tri_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu_tot_gop_phan_nang_diem_tin_nhiem_va_giam_chi_phi_von_tong_the\" >Debt-to-equity ratio, interest expense and debt service capacity are important indicators for banks and investors when evaluating credit profiles, valuing businesses and making funding decisions. Good management of interest expense in trade services contributes to improving credit scores and reducing overall capital costs.<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-9\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Co_so_phap_ly_ve_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\" >Legal basis for interest expenses in commercial services<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-10\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Quy_dinh_khong_che\" >Control regulations\u00a0<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-11\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Su_khac_biet_trong_ap_dung_giua_thuong_mai_dich_vu_va_san_xuat\" >Differences in application between trade in services and manufacturing<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-12\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Cach_xac_dinh_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\" >How to determine interest costs in commercial services<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-13\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Vay_chi_phi_lai_vay_duoc_tru_la_gi\" >So what is deductible interest expense?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-14\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Chi_phi_lai_vay_khong_duoc_tru_la_gi\" >What is non-deductible interest expense?<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-15\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Nguyen_tac_phan_loai_chi_phi_hop_ly\" >Principles of reasonable cost classification<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-16\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Nhung_rui_ro_thuong_gap_trong_chi_phi_lai_vay_thuong_mai_dich_vu\" >Common risks in commercial service interest expenses<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-2'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-17\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Ket_luan\" >Conclude\u00a0<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-18\" href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu\/#Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\" >Contact information MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Khai_niem_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\"><\/span><b>The concept of interest costs in trade services<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2002\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2002\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2002\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg\" alt=\"Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Khai-niem-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2002\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Concept of commercial service interest costs<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Commercial service interest expenses are all costs incurred by using borrowed capital to serve the business&#039;s purchasing, service provision and operation activities (including interest payable to banks, credit institutions, or other lenders).\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">The Tax Law and related decrees further codify the concept of net interest expense - that is, interest expense after deducting deposit interest and loan interest (if any) to serve as a basis for determining the deductible portion of expenses when calculating taxable income.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"_Chi_phi_lai_vay_thuan_duoc_hieu_nhu_the_nao\"><\/span><b>\u00a0How is net interest expense understood?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Net interest expense is the total interest expense of the enterprise minus the income from deposit or lending interest, reflecting the actual cost of borrowing capital after offsetting other interest income. This is an important item in the financial statements, used to calculate the control level of interest expense according to the law, as stipulated in <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/vanban.chinhphu.vn\/?pageid=27160&amp;docid=212716\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_tro_cua_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\"><\/span><b>The role of interest costs in trade in services<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To see the importance more clearly, let&#039;s join MAN - Master Accountant to learn and analyze the aspects in which commercial service interest expenses directly affect the financial activities and development strategies of the enterprise.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_dong_toi_loi_nhuan_va_dong_tien\"><\/span><b>Impact on profits and cash flow<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interest expense directly reduces accounting profit and after-tax profit if allowed to be deducted; at the same time, it is a recurring cash expenditure that affects operating cash flow. For businesses operating in the trade and service sector, where profit margins can be thin, a reasonable level of interest expense determines financial sustainability and scalability.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Anh_huong_den_thue_thu_nhap_doanh_nghiep_TNDN\"><\/span><b>Impact on corporate income tax (CIT)<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Not all interest expenses are deductible in calculating taxable income. Cap rules (% to EBITDA or similar) may exclude some interest from deductible expenses, increasing tax liability. This requires companies to redesign their capital structure if they want to optimize after-tax efficiency.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vai_tro_trong_quan_tri_rui_ro_va_ra_quyet_dinh_tai_chinh\"><\/span><b>Role in risk management and financial decision making<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Knowing exactly how much of the deductible service interest expense is helps the finance department plan capital, choose capital sources (bank debt, bonds, equity, related loans) and price services and cost of goods sold more accurately. At the same time, interest related to related-party transactions is easily subject to strict checks on reasonableness (arm&#039;s length), thus affecting internal pricing policies and loan contracts.<\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Tac_dong_toi_bao_cao_tai_chinh_va_tin_dung\"><\/span><b>Impact on financial and credit reporting<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h4><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ty_le_no_von_chi_phi_lai_vay_va_kha_nang_tra_no_la_chi_tieu_quan_trong_voi_ngan_hang_va_nha_dau_tu_khi_danh_gia_ho_so_tin_dung_dinh_gia_doanh_nghiep_va_ra_quyet_dinh_cap_von_Quan_tri_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu_tot_gop_phan_nang_diem_tin_nhiem_va_giam_chi_phi_von_tong_the\"><\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Debt-to-equity ratio, interest expense and debt service capacity are important indicators for banks and investors when evaluating credit profiles, valuing businesses and making funding decisions. Good management of interest expense in trade services contributes to improving credit scores and reducing overall capital costs.<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h4>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Co_so_phap_ly_ve_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\"><\/span><b>Legal basis for interest expenses in commercial services<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2003\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2003\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2003\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg\" alt=\"C\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd v\u1ec1 chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Co-so-phap-ly-ve-chi-phi-lai-vay-trong-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2003\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Legal basis for interest expenses in commercial services<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP is a fundamental document regulating tax management for enterprises with related-party transactions, including detailed regulations on determining and considering the deduction of interest expenses (and documents and criteria to prove the reasonableness of <a href=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/tong-quan-giao-dich-lien-ket-2025\/\">affiliate transactions<\/a>). Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP amends and supplements a number of contents of Decree 132\/2020 (effective March 27, 2025). Enterprises need to review which tax period the changes apply from to avoid confusion when making final settlements.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Regarding accounting and capitalization of interest expenses (in case they arise during the process of investment, construction, and asset creation). Accounting and tax guidelines (for example <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/van-ban\/Doanh-nghiep\/Thong-tu-45-2013-TT-BTC-Che-do-quan-ly-su-dung-va-trich-khau-hao-tai-san-co-dinh-183508.aspx?utm_source=chatgpt.com\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Circular 45\/2013<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> and related guiding documents) specify in detail when interest expenses are capitalized into the original cost of fixed assets and when they must be accounted for as expenses. This directly affects the level of interest expenses in service trade that are included in deductible expenses.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Quy_dinh_khong_che\"><\/span><b>Control regulations\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">For enterprises with related party transactions, the net interest expense (interest incurred during the period minus deposit interest and loan interest) when calculating corporate income tax is limited to a percentage of EBITDA as prescribed by Decree 132. Currently, this level is applied as 30% of EBITDA (understanding and application according to Clause 3, Article 16 of Decree 132\/2020 and implementation instructions).<\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u201c(1) The total interest expense after deducting deposit interest and loan interest arising during the period of the taxpayer that is deductible when determining taxable income for corporate income tax shall not exceed 30% of the total net profit from business activities during the period plus interest expense after deducting deposit interest and loan interest arising during the period plus depreciation expense arising during the period of the taxpayer;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">(2) The portion of interest expenses not deductible under point (1) shall be carried forward to the next tax period when determining the total deductible interest expenses in case the total deductible interest expenses arising in the next tax period are lower than the level specified in point (1).\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b>Source :<\/b> <a href=\"https:\/\/thuvienphapluat.vn\/chinh-sach-phap-luat-moi\/vn\/ho-tro-phap-luat\/tu-van-phap-luat\/56933\/quy-dinh-khong-che-30-chi-phi-lai-vay-theo-nghi-dinh-132-2020\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Law Library\u00a0<\/span><\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Su_khac_biet_trong_ap_dung_giua_thuong_mai_dich_vu_va_san_xuat\"><\/span><b>Differences in application between trade in services and manufacturing<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To see the difference in the application of regulations on interest expenses in the service trade compared to the manufacturing sector, let&#039;s look at the comparison table of interest expenses between manufacturing enterprises and service trade enterprises. This table helps enterprises understand the capitalization mechanism, how to calculate EBITDA and the level of risk when exceeding the control threshold of interest expenses.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 100%; border-color: #000000;\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"2\" cellpadding=\"12\">\n<caption><strong>Board:<\/strong> Comparison applies between trade in services and manufacturing.<\/caption>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Criteria<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Manufacturing and construction businesses<\/b><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><b>Trade and service enterprise<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ability to capitalize interest expenses.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Interest during the investment period can be capitalized into the original cost of fixed assets\/work in progress (according to Circular 45\/2013\/TT-BTC and accounting standards). Capitalization helps reduce interest expenses recorded in the period, limiting the risk of being controlled.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Most of the working capital loans for purchasing goods, paying suppliers, and operating are not capitalized, must be accounted for immediately in the period, and are directly subject to the 30% EBITDA limit. The risk of exceeding the control limit is higher.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cash flow and EBITDA structure.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Usually has large depreciation costs (due to investment in machinery, fixed assets), making EBITDA higher, helping to increase the ability of interest to be deducted.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Seasonal fluctuations in revenue and thin profit margins lead to low EBITDA, resulting in less interest deductions and a high risk of expense exclusions.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Affiliate transactions and loan conditions.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If borrowing from an affiliate, documents proving \u201carm&#039;s length\u201d are still required, but the proportion of long-term investment capital is often easier to explain.<\/span><\/td>\n<td><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Working capital loans from related parties to supplement short-term capital are susceptible to scrutiny. Without records comparing market interest rates, tax authorities may exclude interest expenses in service trade when settling.<\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the comparison table, it can be seen that interest expenses in trade services are often under higher control pressure than manufacturing enterprises due to the characteristics of working capital and thin profit margins. This requires trade services enterprises to build a tight, transparent financial strategy and comply with regulations to both optimize costs and limit tax risks during the settlement process.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Cach_xac_dinh_chi_phi_lai_vay_trong_thuong_mai_dich_vu\"><\/span><b>How to determine interest costs in commercial services<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Determining whether interest expenses in commercial services are tax deductible or not depends closely on tax law provisions and accounting standards.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Vay_chi_phi_lai_vay_duoc_tru_la_gi\"><\/span><b>So what is deductible interest expense?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Deductible interest expenses are the interest arising from loan contracts serving the legitimate production and business activities of the enterprise. The loan must have complete documents and vouchers, be signed transparently, with interest rates and terms appropriate to the market (arm&#039;s length). In addition, the deductible interest expense must also be within the control limit according to Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP (maximum 30% EBITDA for enterprises with related-party transactions).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Chi_phi_lai_vay_khong_duoc_tru_la_gi\"><\/span><b>What is non-deductible interest expense?<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Non-deductible interest expenses include interest arising from transactions that do not serve business activities, loans without valid documents, interest exceeding the 30% EBITDA control level, or interest from related parties but cannot prove reasonableness compared to the market. In addition, interest corresponding to the remaining charter capital (according to the registered capital contribution schedule) is also not included in reasonable expenses.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nguyen_tac_phan_loai_chi_phi_hop_ly\"><\/span><b>Principles of reasonable cost classification<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To ensure that interest expenses in commercial services are accepted when settling taxes, businesses need to comply with the following principles:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principles of valid documents: All loans must have a clear contract, transparent interest rates, and non-cash payment documents (for loans from credit institutions and affiliated parties).<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principle of suitability for business purposes: Interest expenses are only considered reasonable if they directly serve the business&#039;s purchasing, service provision, system operation, etc. activities.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">EBITDA control principle: Apply legal regulations, calculate net interest expense and deductibility limit to avoid being excluded at settlement.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principle of transparency of related party transactions: For loans from related parties, there must be documents proving that the interest rate does not exceed or fall below the market level, to ensure compliance with the principle of independent transaction prices.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Principle of compliance with capital contribution schedule: If the charter capital has not been fully contributed as registered, the interest expense arising on the loan portion corresponding to the missing capital portion will not be included in reasonable expenses.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Thus, determining whether interest expenses in trade services are tax deductible or not depends on the enterprise&#039;s compliance with legal principles and accounting standards. Enterprises need to clearly distinguish between deductible interest expenses associated with legitimate business activities, with transparent records and within the 30% EBITDA limit and non-deductible interest expenses, such as in cases of lack of valid documents, interest rates exceeding the market rate or violating capital contribution progress. Correctly applying the principles of documents, capital use purposes, controlling interest expenses, transparency of related-party transactions and charter capital contribution is the key to helping enterprises both ensure compliance with tax laws and optimize financial costs in a sustainable manner.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Nhung_rui_ro_thuong_gap_trong_chi_phi_lai_vay_thuong_mai_dich_vu\"><\/span><b>Common risks in commercial service interest expenses<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Although interest expenses in trade services are an important financial tool, helping businesses maintain capital flows and optimize business operations, loose management poses many risks. Especially in the context of tax authorities strengthening supervision of related-party transactions, businesses are prone to significant errors if they do not comply with legal regulations. Some typical risks include:<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_2004\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-2004\" style=\"width: 1200px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-2004\" src=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg\" alt=\"Nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p trong chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5\" width=\"1200\" height=\"800\" srcset=\"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1.jpg 1200w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/09\/Nhung-rui-ro-thuong-gap-trong-chi-phi-lai-vay-thuong-mai-dich-vu-1-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1200px) 100vw, 1200px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-2004\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Common risks in commercial service interest expenses<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Unreasonable related party transactions: Enterprises borrow capital from related parties at unusually high interest rates, without documents proving the economic nature. This expense is easily excluded by tax authorities when finalizing.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Errors in accounting and declaration: Failure to clearly classify deductible and non-deductible interest expenses according to Decree 132\/2020\/ND-CP and Decree 20\/2025\/ND-CP may lead to tax arrears and penalties.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Borrowing capital from related parties in the trade and service industry: This is a group of transactions that are often tightly controlled by tax authorities, due to the industry&#039;s characteristics of high working capital, large financial costs and thin profit margins.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">From the above analysis, it can be seen that the management of interest expenses in commercial services is not only limited to the accounting and financial aspects, but is also closely linked to the obligation to comply with tax laws and the requirement of transparency in reporting. The more clearly a business understands the nature and risks, the easier it is to proactively build an effective cost management strategy. This is also an important premise for reaching general conclusions in the conclusion below.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Ket_luan\"><\/span><b>Conclude\u00a0<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Managing interest expenses in trade services is not only a legal requirement, but also a strategy to help businesses optimize financial costs, increase transparency and minimize tax risks. Having a firm grasp of regulations on deductible and non-deductible expenses, and at the same time building a transparent capital management system, will help businesses be more proactive in the context of tax authorities increasingly tightening control over related-party transactions.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">To ensure compliance, businesses should consult with consultants, apply for independent audits, and maintain adequate transaction documentation. This is the key to both meeting legal requirements and optimizing business performance.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">If your business wants to receive in-depth advice on commercial service interest costs, please contact MAN - Master Accountant Network immediately for support.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"Thong_tin_lien_he_MAN_%E2%80%93_Master_Accountant_Network\"><\/span><b>Contact information<\/b><b> MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/b><span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Address: No. 19A, Street 43, Tan Thuan Ward, Ho Chi Minh City<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Mobile \/ Zalo: 0903 963 163 \u2013 0903 428 622<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\" aria-level=\"1\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">E-mail: <\/span><a href=\"mailto:man@man.net.vn\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">man@man.net.vn<\/span><\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Content production by: Mr.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/man.net.vn\/le-hoang-tuyen\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\">Le Hoang Tuyen<\/a>\u00a0\u2013 Founder &amp; CEO MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network, Vietnamese CPA Auditor with over 30 years of experience in Accounting, Auditing and Financial Consulting.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><b>Editorial Board: MAN \u2013 Master Accountant Network<\/b><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, n\u01a1i th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng, chi ph\u00ed l\u00e3i vay trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o quan tr\u1ecdng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb v\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a doanh nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3n chi ph\u00e1t sinh [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2001,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[5,8,38],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1691","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-dich-vu-chuyen-nghiep","category-nganh-doi-tuong-ap-dung","category-thuong-mai-dich-vu"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1691","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1691"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1691\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3052,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1691\/revisions\/3052"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2001"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1691"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1691"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/giaodichlienket.man.net.vn\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1691"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}